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Ahmedabad (/ˈɑːmɨdəbɑːd/; Gujarati pronunciation: [ˈəmdɑːvɑːd]) is the largest city and former capital of the western Indian state of Gujarat. It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High Court. With a population of more than 5.8 million and an extended population of 6.3 million, it is the fifth-largest city and seventh-largest metropolitan area of India. It is also ranked third in Forbes's list of fastest growing cities of the decade. Ahmedabad is located on the banks of the River Sabarmati, 30 km (19 mi) from the state capital Gandhinagar.

There has been human occupation in the area since the 11th century, when it was known as Ashaval (or Ashapalli). The Solanki clan established a city, Karnavati, on the banks of the Sabarmati, and their rule lasted until the 13th century. Rule then passed to the Vaghela dynasty of Dholka, then the Delhi Sultanate in the 14th century. In the 15th century, Muzaffar Shah I founded the Muzaffarid dynasty. Karnavati finally came under the control of Sultan Ahmed Shah in 1411 A.D. who renamed the city after himself. Incorporated into the Bombay Presidency during British rule, Ahmedabad remained one of the most important cities in the Gujarat region. The city established itself as the home of a developing textile industry, which earned it the nickname "Manchester of the East". The city was at the forefront of the Indian independence movement in the first half of the 20th century when Mahatma Gandhi established two ashrams which would become centres of nationalist activities, and was the scene of campaigns of civil disobedience to promote farmers' and workers' rights.

By the time Gujarat state was created in 1960, Ahmedabad had become a bustling metropolis with slightly under half a million people, and classical and colonial European-style buildings lining the city's thoroughfares. Ahmedabad was chosen as the capital of Gujarat state. In 1947, Ahmedabad was the focus for settlement by Hindu refugees fleeing from anti-Hindu pogroms in Pakistan, who expanded the city's population and transformed its demographics and economy. In 1970, the capital of Gujarat was moved from Ahmedabad to Gandhingar. During the 1960s, Ahmedabad was seen as an economic role model around the world. Many countries sought to emulate India's economic planning strategy and one of them, South Korea, copied the city's second "Five-Year Plan" and the World Financial Center in Seoul is designed and modelled after Ahmedabad. Ahmedabad had both a municipal corporation and the Ahmedabad Divisional Council in the 1960s, which developed schools, colleges, roads, municipal gardens, and parks. The Ahmedabad Divisional Council had working committees for education, roads, and residential development and planning. In the late 1970s, the capital shifted to the newly built, well planned city of Gandhinagr. This marked the start of a long period of decline in the city, marked by a lack of development. Ahmedabad has emerged as an important economic and industrial sector in India. It is the second-largest producer of cotton in India, and its stock exchange is the country's second oldest. Cricket is a popular sport in Ahmedabad, which houses the 54,000-seat Sardar Patel Stadium. In 2012, The Times of India chose Ahmedabad as the best city to live in in India. As of 2014 Ahmedabad's estimated gross domestic product was $64 billion.