Charles Stark "Doc" Draper was an American scientist and engineer, known as the "father of inertial navigation". He was the founder and director of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Instrumentation Laboratory, later renamed the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, which made the Apollo moon landings possible through the Apollo Guidance Computer it designed for NASA. He was born on October 2, 1901, in Windsor, Missouri.  He earned his BS from Stanford, and then his MS and PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Upon graduation in 1938, Dr. Draper quickly became a full professor in aeronautical engineering at MIT, where he established the Instrumentation Laboratory, which would eventually leave MIT and become the Charles Start Draper Laboratory in 1973. For his contributions to the nation’s space program, Dr. Draper was awarded the National Medal of Science; he was also inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1981. He received the IEEE Lamme Medal in 1973. The Charles Stark Draper Prize of the National Academy of Engineering is awarded annually in his honor. Charles Draper died on July 25, 1987.