Rudolph Arthur Marcus is a Canadian-born chemist who received the 1992 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems". Marcus studied electron transfer in REDOX reactions and has major contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems. Marcus theory provides kinetic and thermodynamic basis of electron transfer. Rudolph A. Marcus was born on July 21, 1923 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Marcus earned a B.Sc. in 1943 and a Ph.D. in 1946, both from McGill University. In 1958, Marcus became a naturalized citizen of the United States. He is an active professor at Caltech and Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. He is also a member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science. Marcus received the National Medal of Science in 1989. He received his doctorate from McGill in 1946, later working at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, the University of Illinois and the California Institute of Technology. He began studying electron-transfer reactions in the 1950s, eventually establishing what is now known as the Marcus Theory. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1992 for his discovery.