Torsten Nils Wiesel is a Swedish neurophysiologist. Wiesel was born on 3 June 1924 in Uppsala, Sweden. Wiesel earned a medical degree from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm in 1954. After remaining there for a year as an instructor in physiology, he accepted a research appointment at the Johns Hopkins University Medical School in Baltimore, Md., where his association with Hubel began. Working with laboratory animals, they analyzed the flow of nerve impulses from theeye to the visual cortex and were thereby able to discern many structural and functional details of that part of the brain. Wiesel and Hubel also studied the effects of various visual impairments in young animals, and their results lent strong support to the view that prompt surgery is imperative in correcting certain eye defects that are detectable in newborn children. Wiesel received multiple awards during his career, including the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize in 1978 and the U.S. National Medal of Science in 2005.